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Latin
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Latin/Greek Root Words
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(Statistics
connection) |
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AP Statistics Standards
III. Anticipating Patterns: (continued)
D.
Sampling distributions
8.
Chi-square distribution
IV. Statistical Inference:
B. Tests of significance
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Chi-square test for
goodness of fit, homogeneity of proportions, and independence (one-
and two-way tables)
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| Essential Question:
Why would it be useful to have a
quantitative way to test if data fits a particular distribution
instead of merely relying on histograms, box plots, or normal
quantile plots? |
Ch. 13.1 Inference for Tables
- Name
2 instances when a chi-squared test can be used. Note: chi is
pronounced kie (rhymes with pie).
- Goodness-of-fit
(does data match a type of distribution?)
- Inference for 2-way
tables (tests the Ho that there is no relationship between row and column
variables)
- Describe the shape and
range of the chi-squared distribution.
- Determine degrees of freedom for a goodness-of-fit
chi squared calculation. ( df = n-1)
- Calculate the chi
squared statistic.
C2 =
S (O - E)2 / E
- Perform chi squared goodness of fit hypothesis
tests.
- Note that the hypotheses for a chi-squared test
cannot readily be stated mathematically. They are as follows:
- Null hypothesis: The data's
distribution and the reference distribution are not the same.
- Alternative hypothesis: The data's
distribution and the reference distribution are the same.
Homefun: --
Exercises 13.9, 13.11 -- Read section 13.1
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- Lesson 1
- Key Concept:
Significance tests for distributions
Warm up: What
would a normal distribution look like if it were squared?
Interactive Discussion:
Objectives.
- Individual work: perform a chi-squared test
on age data to determine if the population is indeed aging as a
whole.
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| Essential
Question: How
can statistics be applied to genetic analysis in the real world? |
- Describe how the
chi-squared test can be used for determining if a set of data is not
randomly distributed assuming that all events are equally probable.
Stats
Investigation: statistical
Analysis of Genome Data - computer lab using Minitab. |
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- Lesson 2
- Key Concept:
determining if data is random
Interactive Discussion:
Objectives.
- 2 person teams: see link to stats
investigation
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| Essential
Question: How
can tables containing massive amounts of data be rapidly screened
for relationships between the rows and columns? |
Ch. 13.2
Inference for Two-Way Tables
- Calculate expected
results for tables (p.720 ).
expected = (row total X column
total) / (table total)
- Calculate chi-squared
statistics for tables (p. 723).
- Determine the degrees
of freedom for a chi-squared (p. 724).
df = (rows-1)(columns-1)
- Perform hypothesis
tests using chi-squared statistics.
- Be able to read
chi-squared computer print outs.
Homefun: --
Exercises 13.15, 13.17, 13.18 -- Read section 13.2 |
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Lesson
3
- Key Concept:
Analysis of large tables for relationships
Warm up: What
would a normal distribution look like if it were squared?
Interactive Discussion:
Objectives.
Individual work: perform a chi-squared test
on a table containing drug data to determine if any of the drugs
differ from the placebo.
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